Resources
People often ask me "How did you learn how to hack?" The answer: by reading. This page is a collection of the blog posts and other articles that I have accumulated over the years of my journey. Enjoy!
0.0.0.0 Day: Exploiting Localhost APIs From the Browser
Avi Lumelsky - Oligo SecurityPosted 1 Year Ago- Browsers can request any data via HTTP using JavaScript. From a website, it's possible to make requests to items on the local network, such as localhost. Should this be allowed? IP scanning and attacks on the LAN are very possible here.
- All major browsers have CORS - but this is only for response data and not the outbound. So, Chrome released a standard called Private Network Access (PNA). This extends CORS to restrict the ability to send requests to PNA domains.
- PNA has a large list of domains that fall into the private category. While doing research into this topic, they noticed that
0.0.0.0was not in the list though. Is this bad? 0.0.0.0 has multiple uses but it commonly just means localhost. - Since
0.0.0.0can be requested to, this violates PNA completely for localhost. Many local apps skip CSRF or authentication checks solely because of this feature. - They found that an application called Ray used by developers could be exploited for RCE. Selenium Grid had a similar issue as well as PyTorch.
- How do we fix this? PNA headers will be added to requests. In order to allow the browser to make these requests, the website will need to return
Access-Control-Request-Private-Network: true, similar to how CORS works. Good bug write up and a good explanation on an incoming feature!
